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  The Rights of Man
Zenonas Jurgelevicius private corespondence
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In post-Soviet Lithuania the authorities and the administrative institution officers explain to the nation that during the soviet occupation lawful landed proprietors' ownership rights to their managed land were legally canceled. As a result now these titles are restored by special laws. At the same time land reform is implemented. Such explanations do not correspond to the reality completely. Post-Soviet special laws regulating restoration of ownership rights in their legal essence directly contradict the rules of civil law. They have never been coordinated neither with the valid Constitution legislative regulations of the Republic of Lithuania nor with valid in Lithuania...

About Amnesty International
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Amnesty International (AI) is a worldwide movement of people who campaign for internationally recognized human rights. AI’s vision is of a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. In pursuit of this vision, AI’s mission is to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience and expression, and freedom from discrimination, within the context of its work to promote all human rights. AI is independent of any government,...

Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a...

15 Steps to Protect Women's Human Rights
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Human rights for women, as for all individuals, are protected in international law. Yet women suffer the full range of human rights violations known to the modern world. Women and girl children also face human rights violations solely or primarily because of their sex. The international community can play a decisive role in protecting human rights through vigilant and concerted action. Important steps towards protecting women's human rights worldwide include documenting human rights violations, publicizing these as widely as possible and campaigning to press government authorities for an end to the abuses. Governments which fail to protect fundamental human rights...

12-Point Program for the Prevention of Torture
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Amnesty International calls on all governments to implement the organization's 12-Point Program for the Prevention of Torture. It invites concerned individuals and organizations to join in promoting the program. Amnesty International believes that the implementation of these measures is a positive indication of a government's commitment to abolish torture and to work for its abolition worldwide. The highest authorities of every country should demonstrate their total opposition to torture. They should make clear to all law enforcement personnel that torture will not be tolerated under any circumstances. Torture often takes place while the victims are held incommunicado - unable to...

14-Point Program for the Prevention of "Disappearances"
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The "disappeared" are people who have been taken into custody by agents of the state, yet whose whereabouts and fate are concealed, and whose custody is denied. "Disappearances" cause agony for the victims and their relatives. The victims are cut off from the world and placed outside the protection of the law; often they are tortured; many are never seen again. Their relatives are kept in ignorance, unable to find out whether the victims are alive or dead. The United Nations has condemned "disappearances" as a grave violation of human rights and has said that their systematic practice is of...

14-point Program for the Prevention of Extrajudicial Executions
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Extrajudicial executions are fundamental violations of human rights and an affront to the conscience of humanity. These unlawful and deliberate killings, carried out by order of a government or with its complicity or acquiescence, have been condemned by the United Nations. Yet extrajudicial executions continue, daily and across the globe. Many of the victims have been taken into custody or made to "disappear" before being killed. Some are killed in their homes, or in the course of military operations. Some are assassinated by uniformed members of the security forces, or by "death squads" operating with official connivance. Others are killed...

15-Point Program for Implementing Human Rights in International Peace-keeping Operations
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The UN and its Member States should give early, consistent and vigorous attention to human rights concerns when designing and implementing peace settlements and should plan for a continued human rights program in the post-peace-keeping phase. The international community must be prepared to publicly condemn human rights violations during and after the settlement process and to ensure that recommendations for institutional reform are fully and promptly implemented. Human rights protection measures should be kept under review, strengthened as necessary and properly evaluated at the end of the operation. All international field personnel, including those engaged in military, civilian and humanitarian...

Amnesty International's Declaration on the Role of Health Professionals in the Exposure of Torture and Ill-treatment
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As part of its 1996 campaign on the role of health professionals and the exposure of human rights violations, Amnesty International adopted the following Declaration which calls for action by individual health professionals, national and international professional associations, and the United Nations and its agencies. Amnesty International believes that the skills which health professionals can contribute to the investigation of human rights violations in general, and torture in particular, should be used in defence of human rights. This Declaration embodies concrete steps which will contribute to this aim if acted upon by health professionals, their professional organizations and by intergovernmental...

Amnesty International's Principles for the Medical Investigation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment
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Torture continues to be a major preoccupation of Amnesty International in many countries around the world. An important element in the prevention of torture is the effective investigation of torture allegations and the prosecution of those responsible. Yet, in case after case, governments either carry out no investigation or preside over an inadequate, incompetent or deliberately misleading investigation. In view of the skills which health professionals can contribute to the investigation of human rights violations in general, and torture in particular, Amnesty International has adopted the following Principles for the Medical Investigation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading...

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